Details of the pilot of the Sustainable Farming Incentive (SFI) – the next step in the Government’s landmark plans to reward farmers and land managers for sustainable farming practices – were published last week.
The Sustainable Farming Incentive (SFI) has now opened for expressions of interest, which must be made by the 11th April, to start an agreement in 2022. The payments will be on top of the BPS payment. The SFI is tier one of the Environmental Land Management (ELM) scheme.
We now know that the SFI combines area based payments for managing land in a manner deemed to be more environmentally friendly. Payments vary according to land use, and split into different levels which are intended to increase the payment according to the amount of work done. Some land uses are also split into “land management” and “soil management”.
| Land use | Introductory Level Payment | Intermediate Level Payment | Advanced Level Payment |
| Arable | £28/ha | £54/ha | £74/ha |
| Arable (soils) | £30/ha | £47/ha | £59/ha |
| Arable (total) | £58/ha | £101/ha | £133/ha |
| Improved grassland | £27/ha | £62/ha | £97/ha |
| Improved Grassland (soils) | £6/ha | £6/ha | £8/ha |
| Improved Grassland Total | £33/ha | £68/ha | £105/ha |
| Unimproved Grassland | £22/ha | £89/ha | £110/ha |
| Hedgerows | £16/100m | £21/100m | £24/100m |
| Woodland Management | £49/ha | (not available) | (not available) |
| Waterbody Buffering | £16/100m | £29/100m | £34/100m |
A number of different requirements must be met to qualify for each level and so earn the payment, which also differ according to land use. For example, to receive the “introductory” £27/ha payment for improved grassland, sward height must not be grazed below a minimum level, some margins must be left uncut, a nutrient management plan must be followed and some “small” areas must be taken out of cutting and grazing management, and cover must be maintained over historical features. To then reach the £62/ha “intermediate payment, all of the introductory requirements must be met and also silage cuts must be timed around breeding birds, ditches must be managed rotationally, nitrogen and slurry inputs must be reduced and managed and some legume and clover rich swards must be planted. To then reach the £97 “advanced” payment rate, both intermediate and introductory requirements must be met, but the minimum sward height is increased, some ryegrass must be allowed to seed, precision fertiliser application must be used and nutrients must be applied according to soil mapping. Information for other land uses can be found at Sustainable Farming Incentive: Defra’s plans for piloting and launching the scheme – GOV.UK (www.gov.uk).
A similar “stepped” system with increasing requirements will be in place for all of the land uses above except for woodland, for which for now there is only an introductory management option. The government’s objective is that this allows a level of flexibility as farmers can choose their level of commitment, although for now each claimant can only claim one level of each land use at a time, e.g. you could not manage some of your hedgerows to “introductory” level but others to “intermediate”.
Some land uses also allow an additional payment for flood management if in a flood risk zone. In addition to the area-based payment, there will also be an unspecified “participation payment” for anyone choosing to be part of the scheme.
In particular, we see that moorland BPS claimants, whose holdings will generally predominantly be unimproved grassland, could see a substantial increase in payment rate under the new scheme. In 2020, the payment rate for Moorland claims was £63.95/ha. If they can reach “advanced level” SFI this would increase to £105/ha under the pilot scheme. In contrast, SDA and Non-SDA claimants appear to face a substantial reduction even if they can reach “advanced” level. However, this may be offset somewhat by payments now available for management of hedgerows, woodland and waterbody buffers. The payment rates are just for the pilot, which is to be claimed on top of the BPS. The payment rates may perhaps increase as the BPS is reduced further and more money becomes available, but they could also be reduced.
We will continue to watch this scheme closely, and provide regular updates as more information becomes available.
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